PEACE AND CONFLICT IMPACT AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT IN SOMALIA At World Vision

World Vision International – Somalia Programme

Terms of Reference for Conducting WVS Need, Peace and Conflict Impact and Capacity Assessment in Somalia

April 2022

Table of Content

1 Background. 2

2 Justification. 3

3 Purpose. 3

4 Objectives. 4

5 Key Assessment Questions. 4

6 Scope. 4

7 Methodology. 5

8 Authority and Responsibility. 5

9 Roles and Responsibilities of the Parties Involved. 5

10 Key Deliverables. 6

11 11. Branding/Copyright and Intellectual properties. 6

12 Eligible Applicants. 6

13 Proposed Format of the Assessment Report 6

14 Evaluation Criteria. 6

15 EVALUATION CRITERIA.. 6

15.1 Mandatory Requirement 6

15.2 Technical Evaluation Criteria: 7

15.3 Financial Evaluation: 7

15.4 Other: 7

16 Application Process and Requirements. 7

17 Payment Process. 8

1 Background

World Vision Somalia (WVS) has worked with the children of Somalia, their families and communities since 1992 through a variety of emergency and rehabilitative programming to address the emergency needs of the communities while addressing some of the underlying causes of vulnerability in those same communities. During the last 25 years, the program has grown to cover Puntland, Somaliland and South-Central.

The protracted humanitarian crisis in Somalia is among the most complicated around the globe. Somalia has plagued by violence and political turmoil for more than two score years. Ongoing armed conflict and insecurity, with recurring climate shocks, has resulted in protracted economic vulnerability across the country as well as fragmentation and weakening governance structure. Violence and limited access to humanitarian assistance in hard-to-reach areas propel large number of Somali moving toward urban and peri-urban areas, straining the limited resources of the host communities.

WV Somalia seeks to utilize the seed funding to help the organization stay on top of the ever-changing context. The need, conflict and peace assessment in WV’s operating areas will help WV Somalia to update the Making Sense of Turbulence Context (MSTC) that inform program planning that will be most suitable for the fluid context of Somalia. To complement this effort, WV Somalia will support the functionality of the Humanitarian Accountability Mechanism that allow continuous monitoring on the quality of the program as well as the changing dynamic in the operating areas. The toll-free number and community feedback map have proved to be an effective means to reach women who usually find it difficult to speak up in public; with a fairly high cell phone usage rate, toll free number also allow people from rural areas or physically challenged to provide their feedback.

Prolonged conflict in Somalia does not only hamper economic and social development; it brought significant harm to conflict-affected Somali both physically and mentally. Somali women and girls face even greater challenges as they are constantly threatened by gender-based violence (GBV). While accurate country-wide GBV information is not easy to come by, according to info from UNDP (2017), in 2016 alone, there were over 7,200 reported cases of GBV and 96% of reported GBV survivors were women and girls[1].

Understanding the causes of conflict and identifying the enablers of peacebuilding are critical for designing conflict-sensitive program in context such as Somalia. While there is a general understanding of the common causes of conflict, the complicated social and cultural dynamics in different locations occupied by different clans presents a unique picture that require contextual knowledge to identify program needs and shape programming objectives.

On the other hand, communities’ dynamics change over time depend on the need; for instance, when drought is rampant, water likely become the source of conflict among communities but when there is an internal displaced population influx, communities may fight over other livelihood opportunities and access to basic services. Continuous assessment and monitoring of the context is necessary to make sure WV’s program is relevant to and suitable for the revolving content. This requires in-depth study to examine the conflict and peacebuilding landscapes as well as an accountability mechanism to enable proactive and timely feedbacks from different stakeholders in communities, especially those who are marginalized such as women and people with disability.

Allowing larger communities to proactively provide feedbacks and concerns is critical for WV to ensure programming quality and appropriateness; it also helps WV to monitor the humanitarian and security situation on the ground. WV Somalia adapts a mix of responsive community feedback and response mechanisms. This includes a 3-digit toll-free hotline number (#364) with IVR system, community help desk, community meetings and beneficiary satisfaction surveys. The mobile cellular subscriptions rate in Somalia is at 51 per 100 people in 2018 and the subscriptions have been rising significantly in the last ten years (nearly 10-fold)^[2]. This means half of the population have fair access to mobile phone. The toll-free number will allow those who are living in rural areas or those on the move such as pastoralists and IDPs to access information and provide feedback. This will also allow disabled people with limited mobility to access the system more easily even at home. Although there is no gender disaggregated data on the mobile subscription, subscription rate is calculated as per the entire population including children under the age of 15 which take up 44.9% of the total population^[3] , it is reasonable to believe women have fairly equal access to mobile. The toll-free number has proved to be an effective tool to receive feedback from different stakeholder. WVS use Community Response map, an integrated system that facilities online reporting, tracking, compilation and visual mapping of feedback received from the communities. The adoption of the community response map will consider feedback received through community engagements. Feedback received from the community and other sources will be synchronized into the community response map regularly.

2 Justification

The Fragile Context Programme Approach (FCPA) is World Vision’s new approach to adaptive programming in fragile contexts. The FCPA is primarily designed to enable World Vision to address immediate survival needs and build towards a better future for vulnerable children and families in fragile contexts which are subject to protracted conflict. This ensures that children are not only protected from violence, abuse and exploitation and have their basic needs met, but that there are also just systems and structures that can contribute to child well-being. Responding flexibly to the volatile change that is experienced in fragile contexts requires humanitarian, development and peacebuilding actors to work flexibly together towards collective outcomes for children in a way that spans the humanitarian, development and peacebuilding nexus HDPN. Transcending the traditional Humanitarian Development-Peace Nexus (HDPN) means working both in and on fragility.

Working in fragility – is the work of protecting lives, ensuring the survival of the most affected and most vulnerable children and their families, and protecting their rights. Working on fragility – means contributing to the recovery and resilience of children, families and communities after crises, by addressing the root causes of fragility so that progress towards peace, stability and good governance become possible. This requires building resilience, restoring relationships, re-building livelihoods, restoring infrastructure, renewing faith and hope and defending dignity.

The approach is underpinned by a deeper analysis and shared understanding of the root causes and drivers of fragility as well as risks, integrated multi-sector programmes with bold advocacy which are agile enough to respond to rapid and frequent fluctuations in the operational environment and needs.

Therefore, the Need, Peace and Conflict Impact and Capacity Assessment will ensure that WVS has improved access to quality and up-to-date information to inform program design, context analysis and accountability to the effected people.

3 Purpose

The Need, Peace and Conflict Impact and Capacity Assessment will aim to increase understanding of contextual contributors of conflict and enablers of peace in WV operating areas; increase access to timely feedback from different groups of community members by WVS; and increase functionality of WVS accountability system. The finding of the assessment will contribute to updating the Making Sense of Turbulence Context (MSTC) that will inform subsequent program planning and programming objectives. A real-time dashboard will be generated by WVS on a monthly basis and shared with the key stakeholders, including WVS, local authorities and community members to facilitate adaptation in the implementation.

4 Objectives

1. To examine the needs and drivers of conflict and related issues by locations as well as the key stakeholders and structure for conflict resolutions in WVS program areas.
2. To examine the enablers of peacebuilding to inform designing conflict-sensitive program in context such as Somalia.
3. To establish capacity gaps and remedial actions in the WVS accountability system.

5 Key Assessment Questions

1. What are the needs and drivers of conflict and related issues by locations as well as the key stakeholders and structure for conflict resolutions in WVS program areas.
2. What are the enabling factors for peacebuilding that can inform designing WVS conflict-sensitive program in context such as Somalia.
3. What are the capacity gaps in WV Somalia’s system for accountability to the affected populations?
4. What are the practical and feasible recommendations for improvement in WVS conflict-sensitive programming and system for accountability to the affected populations.

6 Scope

The assessment will focus on examining the need, peace, conflict, and capacity. The assessment will cover Puntland, Somaliland, Jubaland and South-Central states in selected districts where WVS is implementing its program. Data will be collected in IDP camps and host communities especially where WVS implements WASH projects. Refer to the table below.

Table 1: Data collection points/areas

WVS region

Region/District

Selected locations (IDP camps or host communities)

# of households

Sample size

Puntland

Nugaal/Garowe

Siliga IDP

549

TBD by the Consultant

Shabelle IDP

1,360

TBD by the Consultant

Somaliland

Maroodijeex/Hargeisa

Qalah IDP

1,500

TBD by the Consultant

Togdheer/Burao

Adam Saleban IDP

1,100

TBD by the Consultant

Ali Hussein IDP

800

Jubaland

Dollow

Ladan IDPs

500

TBD by the Consultant

Abdilohow village

190

South-Central**

Baidoa**

Awal-barwaqo IDPs

1,000

TBD by the Consultant

Towfiq village

1,500

Total

8,499

TBD by the Consultant**

7 Methodology

WVS is seeking the services of a competent consultant who will technically lead the assessment. The assessment will employ both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data. The first stage of the assessment will be to gather and review all relevant documents that provides a synopsis of the history and socio-cultural dynamic in the areas. The key questions to be answered during the literature review will formulated to guide the desk review process and findings. Primary data will be collected through household survey, focused group discussion (FGD) and key information interviews (KII). The informants should include Men, Women, Boys, and Girls. Given the sensitivity around peace and conflict, the assessment will work with local partners to collect data and make sure the questions are appropriate. While women and youth are often left out in providing their opinions, the assessment will strive to establish a balanced sample groups to get the view of all stakeholders in the communities. The potential consultant will be required to prepare a detailed proposal highlighting the design, methodology and sampling plan. The final proposed design, methodology and sampling plan by the Consultant will be discussed and agreed upon with WVS before execution.

8 Authority and Responsibility

WVS will establish a team to oversee all the related activities. The Design, Monitoring and Evaluation (DME) Managers will be responsible for the overall coordination of all the assessment activities as well as quality assurance.

9 Roles and Responsibilities of the Parties Involved

A. World Vision Somalia will:

1. Recruit the Consultant and finalize the engagement Agreement/Contract (to be signed by both parties);
2. Provide the necessary documents and information to the Consultant;
3. Provide information about WVS operational areas targeted for the assessment as required by the Consultant. This will also include locations, household/population sizes.
4. Provide input in the assessment methodology, data collection tools, and final assessment report;
5. Ensure that input from WVS is coordinated and shared with the Consultant;
6. Provide logistical support to the Consultant, including vehicle hire, accommodation meals, and support during data collection;
7. Provide meals, accommodation, transport, airtime and stipends for enumerators;
8. Provide the Consultant with modest working space in the assignment regions, including stationery and printing;**
9. Provide general guidance and coordination to the assessment process;
10. Upon agreement with the Consultant, provide enumerators for the Consultant under the agreed terms and conditions;
11. Make payments for the consultancy services as per the arrangements provided herein.

B. The Consultant will:

1. Submit a technical and financial proposal (as one document). This should reflect excellent interpretation and understanding of the assignment.
2. Submit and present an inception report. This should reflect good interpretation of the assignment, the methodology which will be used, as well as a sampling plan for quantitative data (household survey) and qualitative data (FGD and KII).
3. Provide to WVS a work plan for the assignment, clearly indicating the schedule for collection data and submitting the expected deliverables to WVS
4. Design appropriate data collection tools. This may require the use of digital data collection tools such as KoboCollect. WVS will provide input to all the tools before they are used
5. Train and prepare the enumerators
6. Meet the cost of the lead consultant and any other team member own travel from the country or place of origin to the assignment areas
7. Undertake data collection
8. Process and analyse the data collected
9. Write and submit to WVS the draft assessment report. The Consultant will present the preliminary findings to WVS
10. Revise and submit the final copy of the assessment report, including recommendations
11. Submit to WVS the complete raw data sets. The variables names and values should be clear

10 Key Deliverables

Throughout the assignment, the Consultant is expected to deliver the following key deliverables:

1. Inception report
2. Appropriate data collection tools
3. Presentation of the key findings and recommendations
4. Final assessment report (soft copies) submitted to WVS
5. Raw data sets (both quantitative and qualitative)

11 Branding/Copyright and Intellectual properties

· Copyright solely belongs to World Vision; therefore, all productions and written content will be purely World Vision property

· All products must be in line with World Vision branding guideline. Any other logo allowed, must be approved by World Vision Senior Communications Manager.

12 Eligible Applicants

· Consultancy service company/entity/Institution, or**

· Individual consultants**

13 Proposed Format of the Assessment Report

WVS expects assessment report to contain the following:

§ Preliminary pages

§ Abstract/Executive Summary

§ Chapter 1: Introduction

§ Chapter 2: Literature review

§ Chapter 3: Methodology

§ Chapter 4: Findings

§ Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations

§ References

§ Annexes

14 Evaluation Criteria

The successful candidate will be evaluated and selected based on qualifications, strengths of the technical and financial proposals, and availability.

15 Evaluation Criteria

15.1 Mandatory Requirements:

· Provide a certified copy of business registration(company/organization)

· Provide a certified copy of tax registration

· Provide information on ownership structure – name of directors/owners of the company (company/organization)

· Reference letters at least 3

· Successful bidder will be required to sign World Vision Supplier Code of Conduct form

15.2 Technical Evaluation Criteria:

· The consultancy team/individual consultant is expected to have minimum of a Master’s degree from a recognised University in the following areas: Conflict, Peace and Security, International Development, Humanitarian Studies, Sociology or related discipline

· Work experience in conducting similar researches/assessment assignments (needs assessment, peace and conflict impact analysis, and/or capacity assessment (using quantitative and qualitative methods) in Somalia and/or other similar Fragile contexts, and attach Contracts

· Detailed CVs of key personnel (including copies of any formal qualification should be provided)

· Clear work plan including outputs/deliverables and time frame not exceeding 20 working days

· Consulting firm/person profile clearly summarizing relevant experience in conducting researches/assessments especially on assignments (needs assessment, peace and conflict impact analysis, and/or capacity assessment)

· Consulting firm/person Statement of capability, proposed methodology, sampling approach and quality assurance for conducting the study

· Proven knowledge of working with conflict and drought affected populations, displaced people, and children in humanitarian settings

· Proven knowledge of mainstreaming Disability and Gender in research and humanitarian programming

· Proven knowledge of humanitarian guidelines (SPHERE Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response and Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability (CHS)

· Compliance to Covid-19 protocol (including vaccination)

· Proven knowledge of Safeguarding and Do-No-Harm

15.3 Financial Evaluation:

All bidders are advised to submit the following Financial Proposal:

· Total cost to deliver on project (Quote in US dollars)

· Payment Terms

· Credit Period

15.4 Other:

• Professional fluency in English, and proficiency in Somali
• Strong writing and analytical skills

16 Application Requirements

Qualified and interested parties are asked to submit the following;

1. A Technical Proposal of not more than 15 pages. This should contain:
2. Letter of interest
3. The consultants’ understanding of the ToR
4. The proposed study methodology, including sampling plan
5. Proposed work plan with rough timeline
6. Organizational capacity statement/profile
7. Registration and Tax compliance certificates
8. Detailed CVs of individuals or team members
9. Three reference letters
10. A financial proposal with amount of working days and daily rates

As part of the Consultant selection process, the best three candidates may be required to make a presentation of the technical proposal to the Supply Chain and Core Project Technical team to inform the final decision on the award of the contract.

HOW TO APPLY

All interested bidders/consultants are requested to submit their Technical Proposals and Financial Proposals in Separate documents as attachments (Bidders who will combine both technical and financial proposals shall be disqualified) via email somo_supplychain@wvi.org on or before 12^th May 2022 Bids received after deadline shall not be considered.

Subject line: Proposal for WVS Need, Peace and Conflict Impact and Capacity Assessment.