Terms of Reference- Gender, Youth and Social Inclusion (GYSI) Analysis for Baidoa and Hudur At World Vision

More Information

Experience 5-10

World Vision is a relief, development, and advocacy organization dedicated to working with children, families, and communities. We work with community members, supporting them to overcome poverty and injustice. We aim to lift poor and marginalized households out of the vicious cycle of dependence by addressing the underlying causes of vulnerability to environmental and socio-economic shocks.

Project Description

Empowering Marginalized Groups through Economic Graduation in Somalia (EMERGE) is a Resilience and Food Security Activity (RFSA) funded by USAID/BHA in Somalia. The 5-year project, implemented by World Vision and its partners adopted a graduation approach and seeks to support extremely poor, socially marginalized internally displaced persons (IDP) and surrounding host communities (HC) in Baidoa and Hudur to improve and maintain their food security despite shocks and stresses.

World Vision believes that addressing underlying gender and social norms is critical to effective, and sustainable programming. The graduation approach will not succeed without considering and addressing entrenched power dynamics among clans and in relation to women, youth, and other marginalized groups.

World Vision conducted a gender analysis as part of the development of EMERGE project proposal and the process involved a review of existing secondary data and engaging diverse voices in program design including groups of women, youth, persons with disabilities, internally displaced persons (IDPs) and minority clan groups.

EMERGE’s Theory of Change (ToC) incorporates an understanding of gender dynamics and the need to reach, benefit and empower women, youth and persons living with disabilities (PLWD) in order to achieve sustainable improvements in food security, and livelihoods. The TOC assumes that lack of agency, resulting from deeply engrained gender-discriminatory norms as well as disempowering cultural and institutional frameworks, are further exacerbated by traditional humanitarian responses.

PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE GENDER, YOUTH AND SOCIAL INCLUSION ANALYSIS

The primary purpose of the Gender, Youth and Social Inclusion (GYSI) Analysis is to collect basic information on the gender and social norms in Baidoa and Hudur and assess opportunities and challenges they present to livelihoods programming in the areas. The gender analysis will include key issues disaggregated by gender, age, clan affiliation/ethnicity, and disability, and the challenges and opportunities faced by each group.

Completion of a GYSI Analysis in the project’s conceptualization phase will provide a thorough and deep understanding of gender dynamics and their influence on food security, livelihoods in the target region. This will inform the project’s design review and adaption of the Theory of Change, interventions technical approach, Monitoring, Evaluation And Learning (MEAL) Plan, and Collaborating, Learning, and Adapting (CLA) Plan. Findings will assist EMERGE to fully integrate subpopulation-specific considerations into the interventions. This analysis will feed directly into the project’s learning events and technical design discussions.

The objective of the Gender, Youth and Social Inclusion Analysis (GYSI)

To understand gender and social dynamics and their influence on food security, and livelihoods in the IDP camps and host communities of Baidao and Hudur, Somalia. This analysis will help to identify key gender and social norms, practices, barriers and opportunities for women’s and youth’s engagement in sustainable livelihoods.

General Objectives;

To gain a deep understanding of the gender and social norms as they impact female and male IDPs.
To understand how gender-related issues differ between clan groups; IDPs and host communities; urban, peri-urban and rural contexts; and between Baidoa and Hudur.
To unpack concepts of masculinity, and well-being among young men.

Specific Objectives;

Assess the main demographic, social, and economic characteristics of IDPs and host communities in Baidoa and Hudur
Analyze the current situation of the gender norms and practices in Baidoa and Hudur, including trends, challenges and opportunities for sustainable livelihoods.
Assess the nature and extent of gender dynamics among the IDPs and host communities in Baidoa and Hudur;
Explore how gender dynamics and related factors influence and impact food security, and livelihoods of the IDPs and host communities in Baidoa and Hudur;
Identify current livelihood options, coping strategies and opportunities for women and youth in business or enterprises including innovations for improving women’s and youth’s participation;
Understand the level of women’s and youth’s access, use and ownership of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and how existing ICTs could be leveraged for use in farming, business and access to services;
Explore differential access to assets, resources, opportunities, services, benefits, and infrastructure, decision-making, participation and wellbeing between men and women of different ages;
Analyze relationship dynamics among women and men of different ages, clans and social backgrounds, with attention to opportunities and threats to strengthening relationships of trust and social capital building;
Explore and recommend optimal strategies that WV and the consortium partners may put into action to foster women’s and youth’s empowerment with positive male and household engagement.

Key Research Questions

What are the main demographic, social, and economic characteristics of IDPs and host communities in Baidoa and Hudur?
What are the key gender and social norms and practices, trends, challenges and opportunities for sustainable livelihoods development in Baidoa and Hudur.
What is the nature and extent of gender and social dynamics among the IDPs and host communities in Baidoa and Hudur?
How do gender and social norms influence and impact food security, and livelihoods of the IDPs and host community and how should the project respond to these sub populations differently?
What else might prevent women/youth and their households from participating fully in food security and livelihood programs?
How do women/youth and their households cope with food insecurity and shortage of money?
What are the existing opportunities for women/youth-led businesses and other economic enterprises?
What labour saving technologies exist or could be promoted to reduce women’s work burden and increase participation in project interventions?
What other innovations could be recommended for women/youth in the livelihoods technical training and coaching components of the activity?
What is the level of women’s/youth’s access, use and ownership of ICTs in the IDP camps and host communities and how could the use of mobile/ICTs be leveraged in farming, business and access to services?
What is the optimal approach to fostering women’s and youth’s empowerment with positive male and household engagement?
What are the relationship dynamics among women and men of different ages, clans and social backgrounds, with attention to opportunities and threats to strengthening relationships of trust and social capital building?
What are the differences in access to assets, resources, opportunities, services, benefits, and infrastructure, decision-making, participation and wellbeing between men and women of different ages?
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1. STUDY DESIGN

Scope

Geographic Areas and Target Population

The GYSI Analysis will be conducted within Baidoa and Hudur taking into consideration the gender and social norms of the population in IDP camps and host communities. It will target women, youth and PLWD and their households in the IDP camps and host communities. The analysis will also consider other stakeholders pertinent to the gender, youth and social inclusion in internal displacement context. It will further engage key government ministries and departments including the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (MoLSA), and Ministry of Youth & Sport, Ministry of Education (MoE).

The GYSI Assessment’s scope will include the sectoral areas of food security, and livelihoods in the two Districts of Baidoa and Hudur where the EMERGE project will be implemented.

3.2. METHODOLOGY

The successful consultant is expected to conduct the GYSI analysis by working closely with the EMERGE project team. To meet the objectives of this assignment, GYSI Analysis should begin with a thorough literature review of existing publications, as well as prior gender analysis conducted by World Vision as part of the EMERGE project proposal development. After the literature review, specific knowledge gaps identified shall be used to inform additional primary data collection needs. The GYSI Analysis will adopt a mixed-methods design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches and should ensure participation of key stakeholders as much as possible. The analysis will also use World Vision’s intersectional gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) approach as a tool that makes it possible to understand and respond to ways in which multiple aspects of each person’s social identity and status intersect to create unique experiences of oppression and privilege. Issues to be considered will include age, gender, disability, marital status, clan, ethnicity.

The data collection methods envisioned to be used during this analysis will include but not limited to use of HH surveys/questionnaires, social mapping tools, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs), document review and observations. Sampling techniques for quantitative data collection will have to ensure a high level of efficiency of the estimates. Sampling procedure for the quantitative and qualitative samples should be of sufficient size and purposive to allow reasonable levels of confidence and reasonable ability to generalize findings. The consultant will be required to provide clear and specific sampling methodology, sample size, and the rationale behind the decisions for sampling methodology and the sample sizes. Sampling frame will be agreed upon in the briefing with the Activity.

Survey design

The survey will be cross-sectional and employs a mixed-methods approach in data collection, triangulation, and analysis drawing on quantitative and qualitative data. Both primary and secondary data will be collected, reviewed, and analyzed. Women/Youth/Household questionnaire survey (HS), focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs) will be used to gather primary data from the women/youth/households and key stakeholders. The study will have three phases intertwined in the GYSI analysis process:

Phase one: will involve a comprehensive desk review of secondary information based on the existing information from program Needs Assessment Reports, Gender, Youth and Social Inclusion Analysis Reports, and any other relevant reports produced in Somalia.
Phase two: quantitative women/youth/household survey using structured questionnaires
Phase three: qualitative information gathering using observations, FGDs, and KIIs from women/youth/households in Baidoa and Hudur, and other relevant stakeholders.

Rationale for the choice of mixed methods design.

The mixed-methods design focuses on both quantitative and qualitative approaches in data collection, analysis, and presentation[1]. The mixed-methods approach has emerged as a practical methodology in conducting assessments/gender analysis and evaluation of projects as it gives greater insight into phenomena through information validation and triangulation. Advantages of the methodology include the following:

Data from different sources provides an opportunity to understand changes from different standpoints. One data source may not be enough to give explanations for behavior, results, and practices
Peculiarity in data collection leads to greater validity as information omitted by one method can be augmented by another source.
This method answers GYSI questions from several viewpoints. It ensures that there are no ‘gaps’ in the information collected.
The method is helpful when one methodology does not provide all the information required.
It’s a good methodology for social, health, and behavioral studies as it interacts with several stakeholders and utilizes all available from multiple levels and lines of evidence n to conclude.

Sampling Design

To actualize this design, the gender will target different stakeholders and population groups using different data collection methods i.e., structured questionnaires and focus group discussions for targeted households, key informant interviews for women, youth, and government technical units. All information gathered from these sources will be synthesized and analyzed to answer the survey questions.

The consultant will choose an appropriate sampling methodology including but not limited to a One-Stage Simple Random Sample design to ensure that participants have an equal probability of selection for the survey, thereby producing unbiased estimates.

While designing the assessment tools, the assessment team will consider various factors. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches will be employed in gathering information at household levels with a focus on women and youth among other community groups. The assessment will also consider other stakeholders who play crucial roles in the gender, youth and social inclusion. WVI expects the consultant to put more emphasis on the qualitative approach as it helps to generate in-depth thoughts, perceptions, and issues on the gender and social norms. Items covered in the questionnaire will be framed from project outputs, intermediate outcomes, sub-purposes, purposes, and the goal. Further in this approach, the assessment team will adopt the best sampling methods taking into consideration sample size to be used at different levels in the later assessments and evaluations. This should be well elaborated in the inception report. With the help of local administration, the household numbers for the target IDPs and host communities will be obtained before the commencement of the assessment to facilitate the scientific determination of the sample size. This will be based on the household numbers from each IDP and host community falling within the project scope. Probabilistic methods will then be used to sample the key respondents at the household level.

Data Sources

Primary data will be collected among the sample community groups in the targeted districts. Additionally, local authorities, and other relevant stakeholders will be included in qualitative data collection as appropriate to better understand the context.

Documents Review

The survey team will undertake a thorough review of all available project documents as deemed necessary to gather vital information on the project design, implementation, and monitoring processes. Of necessity, the survey team will review the following literature:

Project proposal including logic model, M&E Plan, ITT & DIP
Any Gender Analysis Reports conducted by World Vision in Somalia.
Any other relevant documents as required.

Field Processes

Selection and training of enumerators: Enumerators with previous research experience and the ability to speak Somali and English languages will be recruited. Key government officials from the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (MoLSA), and Ministry of Youth & Sport will be engaged to support the process. Depending on the sample size, a total of [xxx male, xxx female] enumerators will be engaged for the survey and these will work hand-in-hand with the WV Staff during data collection. The field team (enumerators & project staff) will be trained in data collection techniques using SMAP FieldTask/Kobo ToolBox and/or any appropriate platform and master of the data collection tools before the field data collection exercise. During the training, the field team will also be briefed on the objectives of the survey, how to identify the appropriate respondents at various levels, and how to fill in the questionnaire appropriately. Emphasis will be put on research ethics, accuracy, and completeness among others

Field Data Collection: The team will use mobile phones configured with SMAP FieldTask/Kobo Toolbox mobile application for data collection (Uses WV Somalia SMAP/ or Kobo server). The interviews and discussions will be conducted mainly in the Somali language. Focus group discussions will be conducted by experienced researchers using a predetermined focus group guide with relevant themes and sub-themes, while key informant interviews will be conducted using a predetermined guide with open-ended questions for specific informants.

To ensure the effectiveness of the data collection process, the tools (questionnaires, FGDs, KIIs) will be pre-tested with a small sample to refine them based on initial feedback. The assessment tools will be developed collaboratively by involving relevant and local stakeholders to guarantee relevance and cultural appropriateness considering language clarity, thematic relevance, and local context to ensure the tools align with the objectives of the assessment.

3.3. ANALYSIS AND REPORTING:

The household questionnaire will be automated using field Task/ Kobo Collect application and completed questionnaires on field Task will be uploaded to the server. The data gathered will be analyzed and interpreted systematically. Quantitative data will be analyzed using SPSS or other statistical data analysis programs available that can help generate the required information. Qualitative data will be analyzed for key themes and used to supplement quantitative data organized into themes.

The descriptive statistics including the frequencies, percentages, and proportions will be used in the quantitative analysis based on responses under each question. Cross tabulations will be used to measure the variation of information among different groups of respondents and from various administrative units where necessary. Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic and content analysis with the help of analysis sheets.

Findings and Conclusions: Findings will be presented in the form of text, graphics, and tables. The survey team will prepare the report in a user-friendly format, following the structure agreed in the inception report. This section will present findings as statements of fact that are based on analysis of the data. The survey findings will be structured around the survey questions so that report users can readily make the connection between what was asked and what was found. Variances between planned and actual results will be explained, as well as factors affecting the achievement of intended results. The assumptions or risks in the project design that subsequently affected implementation will also be discussed. The conclusion section will be comprehensive and balanced; it will highlight the gaps, bottlenecks, and opportunities in the targeted districts. The conclusion section will be substantiated by the evidence and logically connected to the survey findings. The conclusion will also respond to key survey questions and provide insights into the identification of and/or solutions to important problems or issues pertinent to the decision-making.

Data Quality Control & Survey Ethics

All data quality control measures will be adhered to during the survey including reviewing of the study tools, translation of the tools into local languages, standardization of the training (pre-testing and ensuring that the enumerators are familiar with local terminology), review of evidence against bond evidence parameters, using GPS functionality in Field Task/ Kobo to geo-reference the data, regular supervision and data cleaning. The administered tools will be checked regularly for correctness, completeness, and consistency. After entry, the data will be cross-checked to ensure the accuracy of the information obtained from the field and then compared and validated. During analysis, validation will be done by comparing the emerging information with secondary data to ensure that any outliers are addressed.

Ethical Consideration:

As the consultant(s) will be working on behalf of World Vision and the EMERGE consortium partners, they will be required to adhere to the Adult and Child Safeguarding Policy and other ethical guidelines of World Vision.

Ethical and safeguarding considerations must be considered during all stages of data collection and analysis and in line with Do No Harm principles. Particular attention must be paid to the potential to cause harm during interactions with women and children who are survivors and their families as well as during the storing, handling, sharing and analysis of data—appropriate measures for which will be included in an Institutional Review Board (IRB) protocol.

The consultant (s) will make clear to all participating stakeholders, especially women and children of all ages, that they are under no obligation to participate in the study. All participants will be assured that there will be no negative consequences if they choose not to participate. The consultant must obtain informed consent or assent from all participants, including women and youth.

Additionally, the following ethical considerations will be adhered to during the survey process:

The rights and privacy of individuals
Voluntary nature of participation – and the rights of individuals to withdraw partially or completely from the process
Consent and possible deception of participants
Maintenance of the confidentiality of data provided by individuals or identifiable participants and their anonymity
Reactions of participants to how researchers seek to collect data.
Effects on participants of how data is analyzed and reported.
Behavior and objectivity of the surveyor.

3.4. RESPONSIBILITY AND AUTHORITY

Survey Team Responsibilities

The consultant will lead the development of Technical and Budget proposals that include an assessment plan, methodology, and appropriate/relevant data collection and analysis tools:

Title of Team Members

Roles and Responsibilities

Consultant

Provide overall leadership and guidance of the gender analysis including review of all relevant documents;
Prepare and submit a technical and financial proposals and inception report which includes details of the methodologies, work plan, schedule, budget both for the quantitative and qualitative components of assessment for review and feedback by the EMERGE Consortium;
Develop/adapt acceptable tools and questions for the Gender Analysis in consultation with the GYSI Focal Person and make final decisions on specific analysis tools and frameworks to be applied;
Recruit, train and remunerate research assistants and other stakeholders;
Design data entry and analysis spreadsheets
Monitor and verify data entry and quality control
Make visits to data collection sites and do FGDs and KIIs
Incorporate feedback from sector teams into tools and reports
Approximately one-hour PowerPoint presentation of results and discussions to be delivered
The result is expected to be published and the survey team needs to give due attention to the quality of the report.

GYSI Focal Point

Provide technical advice/guidance in developing TOR and review draft report;
Provide leadership and guidance to the consultant for the timely delivery of the task;
Mobilization of stakeholders, field guide, logistics planning;
Contact persons for relevant key informants and provide relevant secondary data as well as being key informants.
Responsible for ensuring quality and standards are maintained (bringing in external support from World Vision HQ team and/or other Technical Advisors when needed),

M&E, and Research and Learning Team

Review and provide technical advice to improve the quality of the TORs;
Support the training of enumerators on the data collection protocols and data collection tools
Supervise field level data collection to ensure consultant adherence to the TORs;
Review TORs, data collection tools, methods, and assessment plan and advise the consultant accordingly;
Ensure a meeting is held with the consultant to harmonize methodology and approach before start of the exercise;
Review the draft assessment report.

Senior Operations Manager

Timely execution of the Gender analysis by authorizing logistical support needed at all times;
Overall supervision of the field activities.
Provide reference documents like project proposals, M&E plans, earlier evaluations and progress reports
Do community and stakeholder mobilizations for the assessment
Support recruitment of enumerators
Source, hire, and pay for enumerators (depending on the contracting conditions).
The project team supports and facilitates household data collection

Deliverables:

Inception report including data analysis plan
Sampling plan and filed plan for data collection, checklists for field monitoring.
Complete tabulation plan (submit just after finalization of the questionnaire)
Report on enumerators training and study tool pretesting.
Filed monitoring reports for data collection phase
Raw Dataset
PowerPoints for debriefing and final presentation of results.
Submit draft survey report
Final comprehensive report
Survey Questionnaires
High-resolution pictures (field activity snapshots)

Evaluation Criteria

Mandatory Requirements:

Provide a certified copy of business registration(company/organization)
Provide a valid tax compliance certificate

Successful bidder will be required to sign World Vision Supplier Code of Conduct form

Technical Requirements

Provide updated company profile demonstrating technical capabilities and relevant experience of the applicant
Provide references including names and contact information from previous clients who can be contacted regarding relevant experience (At least five similar assignments in a similar context)
Detailed CVs of key personnel (including any formal qualifications) should be provided (Annex)
Provide Technical proposal clearly demonstrating the applicant’s technical capacity and its understanding of the project requirements,
Provide financial proposal, a detailed breakdown of costs associated with the delivery of gender analysis exercise
Work plan showing time frame of the gender analysis
Evidence of presence in Somalia or Any Fragile countries

Financial Evaluation

Provide financial proposal that includes

A detailed breakdown of costs associated with the delivery of the GYSI Analysis exercise including Logistics Cost
Credit Terms
Payment Terms

Financial proposal should not be part of the technical proposal; it should be a separate document.

Submission of Proposals:

Interested individuals and firms should submit their proposal in English and by email to somo_supplychain@wvi.org on or before 26th November 2024. Proposals should be submitted in three distinct/separate attachments, namely. Mandatory Requirements, Technical Proposal and Financial Proposal (Bidders who will combine both technical and financial proposals shall be disqualified)

Email title should be; – Gender, Youth, and Social Inclusion Analysis

“World Vision reserves the right to accept or reject any Bid and is not bound to give reasons for its decision”